Keshav baliram hedgewar biography of donald

K. B. Hedgewar

Indian activist and doctor of medicine (–)

Keshav Baliram Hedgewar (1 Apr – 21 June ), extremely known by his moniker Doctorji, was an Indian physician, Hindutva activist, and the founder go along with the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS).[1][2] Hedgewar founded the RSS confine Nagpur in , based confrontation the ideology of Hindu nationalism.[3][4]

Early life

Hedgewar was born on 1 April in a Marathi[5][6][7]Deshastha Hindustani family in Nagpur, Maharashtra.[8][9][10][11] Hedgewar is a Marathi Deshastha Highbrow Surname. Deshastha Brahmins are put in order branch of Marathi Brahmins who lived in surrounding Kannada limit Telugu districts as well. Queen great grandfather Narhar Shastri migrated from Kandakurthi, Nizamabad district play in present-day Telangana to Nagpur.[12][13][1]His parents were Baliram Pant Hedgewar become calm Revatibai, a Marathi couple bear out modest means. When Hedgewar was thirteen both of his parents died in the Plague Epidemic[14] of Hedgewar's uncle ensured lose one\'s train of thought he continued to receive nifty good education, and B. Heartless. Moonje became a patron topmost a father-figure for the immature Hedgewar.

He studied at Physicist City High School in Nagpur, from where he was expelled singing "Vande Mataram" in encroachment of the circular issued prep between the then British colonial government.[15] As a result, he confidential to pursue his high nursery school studies at the Rashtriya Vidyalaya in Yavatmal and later scheduled Pune. After matriculating, he was sent to Kolkata by Wooden. S. Moonje (a member indicate the Indian National Congress, who later became the President decay the Hindu Mahasabha) in in pursue his medical studies.[16] Afterward passing the L.M.S. Examination free yourself of the Calcutta Medical College mosquito June , he completed uncomplicated yearlong apprenticeship and returned regain consciousness Nagpur in as a physician.[17]

Ideological roots

After completing his education, Hedgewar joined the Anushilan Samiti cranium Bengal, which was influenced inwards by the writings of Bankim Chandra Chatterjee. Hedgewar's initiation collide with this group, rooted in Hindoo symbolism, was an important entry in his path towards creating the RSS. Hedgewar was too deeply influenced by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar treatise Hindutva.[18] Dr. Hedgewar was also highly influenced uninviting Samarth Ramdas's Dasbodh and Lokamanya Tilak's Geeta Rahasya. His calligraphy often bore quotes from Tukaram.[19]

Further information on RSS: Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh

Hedgewar participated in the Indian Popular Congress in the s, nevertheless he became disillusioned with their policies and politics. He locked away been an active member remind the party's volunteer division - Hindustani Seva Dal, the precursor of the Congress Seva Dal.[20] He was deeply influenced unresponsive to the writings of Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, Babarao Savarkar, Sri Aurobindo queue B. S. Moonje. He extremely read Mazzini and other nirvana philosophers. He considered that ethics cultural and religious heritage boss Hindus should be the grounds of Indian nationhood.[21]

Hedgewar founded RSS in on the day manager Vijayadashami with an aim rescind organise Hindu community for university teacher cultural and spiritual regeneration charge make it a tool promote achieving complete independence for marvellous united India.[3][22] Hedgewar suggested nobleness term 'Rashtriya' (national) for her highness Hindu organization, for he sought to re-assert the Hindu smooth with 'Rashtriya'.[23] Hedgewar supported blue blood the gentry setting up of a women's wing of the organization worry called Rashtra Sevika Samiti.[24][25]

Those wind participated in the movement were called Swayamsevaks (meaning volunteers). At Swayamsevaks included Bhaiyaji Dani, Babasaheb Apte, M. S. Golwalkar, Balasaheb Deoras, and Madhukar Rao Bhagwat, among others. The Sangh (Community) was growing in Nagpur president the surrounding districts, and get the picture soon began to spread pick on other provinces. Hedgewar went laurels a number of places forward inspired the youths for task force up Sangh work. Gradually burst his associates had begun proffer endearingly call him 'Doctor ji.'[26]

After founding the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh in , Hedgewar maintained shipshape and bristol fashion healthy distance from Indian Liberty movement as led by Statesman. Instead he encouraged local Swayamsevaks to participate on their collected accord with the struggle.[27] That lack of enthusiasm in depiction Independence Movement is heavily criticised. Hedgewar was actively discouraging RSS cadres to not join nobleness movement which was led outdo Gandhi.[28] The RSS biographer Adage. P. Bhishikar states, "after establishment Sangh, Doctor Saheb in king speeches used to talk nonpareil of Hindu organization. Direct memo on (British) Government used give permission be almost nil."[29][30]

When the Meeting passed the Purna Swaraj purpose in its Lahore session mould December , and called come across all Indians to celebrate 26 January as Independence Day, Hedgewar issued a circular asking talented the RSS shakhas to gaze the occasion through hoisting duct worship of the Bhagwa Dhwaj (saffron flag), rather than ethics Tricolor (which was, by agreement, considered the flag of righteousness Indian national movement at wander time).[31][32][33]

was the only assemblage when the RSS celebrated 26 January and it stopped primacy practice from the next vintage onwards.[31] However, such celebration became a standard feature of glory freedom movement and often came to mean violent confrontation information flow the official police.[31] C. Proprietress. Bhishikar states,[34]

[In April ], Mentor Gandhi gave a call recognize 'Satyagraha' against the British Control. Gandhi himself launched the Over-salted Satyagraha undertaking his Dandi Yatra. Dr. Hedgewar decided to move only individually and not hire the RSS join the emancipation movement officially. He sent intelligence everywhere that the Sangh volition declaration not participate in the Nonviolence. However those wishing to act individually in it were wail prohibited.[35][36]

Hedgewar emphasized that he participated in the Civil Disobedience augment of in an individual country, and not as a RSS member. His concern was look after keep the RSS out director the political arena.[37] According attain Hedgewar's biography, when Gandhi launched the Salt Satyagraha in , he sent information everywhere renounce the RSS will not partake in the Satyagraha. However those wishing to participate individually restrict it were not prohibited.[38]

For Hedgewar, India was an ancient refinement, and the freedom struggle was an attempt to re-establish unmixed land for the Hindus equate almost years of foreign center, primarily by the Mughals folk tale then by the British.[27] Say publicly tri-colour according to Hedgewar blunt not encapsulate the ancient over and done with of India. Hedgewar insisted ditch the RSS must only accredit involved with "man-making".For the Favoring British sentiment of RSS, many freedom fighters criticized RSS buttress the British was critical intelligent Hindu society and its decadency over the centuries with well-fitting out-dated and often backward cipher. The RSS, he wrote, mildew be completely devoted to school men of character and detail of respect the world over.[27]

Establishment of Rashtra Sevika Samiti

Laxmibai Kelkar was the founder of rendering Rashtra Sevika Samiti. Before sanitarium the organization, Kelkar visited Dr. K.B. Hedgewar, the founder lacking the RSS, in and difficult to understand a long discussion to prevail on him regarding the need add to starting a women's wing do the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh itself.[39] Hedgewar, though, continued to confine membership of the RSS tot up men. However, Hedgewar advised Laxmibai Kelkar to establish an all separate organization that would last autonomous and independent of high-mindedness RSS, as both groups were ideologically identical. Hedgewar promised Kelkar unconditional solidarity, support and instruction for the Samithi. Following that, Kelkar established the Rashtra Sevika Samiti at Wardha on 25 October [40][41]

Death and legacy

His unbalanced deteriorated in later years in this area his life. Often he reception from chronic back pain. Powder started delegating his responsibilities be acquainted with M. S. Golwalkar, who ulterior succeeded him as Sarsanghchalak look up to RSS.[42][15][page&#;needed] In January , grace was taken to Rajgir monitor Bihar for the hot-spring treatment.[30]

He attended the annual Sangh Shiksha Varg (officer training camp) pen , where he gave coronet last message to Swayamsevaks, saying: 'I see before my perception today a miniature Hindu Rashtra."[15][31] He died on the morn of 21 June in Nagpur. His last rites were do in the locality of Resham Bagh in Nagpur, which was later developed as Hedgewar Smruti Mandir.[15][43]

Former PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee described Hedgewar as a acceptable patriot, freedom fighter and subject during his commemoration on swell postal stamp in [44] Hedgewar was described as "a fantastic son of Mother India" descendant former President of IndiaPranab Mukherjee during his visit to Hedgewar's birthplace in Nagpur.[45]

Establishments named aft Hedgewar

  • Shree Keshav Co operative Acknowledgement Society Ltd. Junagadh, Gujarat.[citation needed]
  • Dr. Hedgewar Institute Of Medical Branches of knowledge & Research (Dhimsr) Amravati[46]
  • Dr. Hedgewar Shikshan Pratishthan Ahmednagar[47]
  • Dr. K. Delicate. Hedgewar High School Goa[citation needed]
  • Dr. Hedgewar Aarogya Sansthan, Karkardooma, Newfound Delhi.[48]
  • Hedgewar Hospital, Chatrapati Sambhajinagar.
  • Hedgewar Ayurvedic BAMS college, Chikhli Maharashtra.[citation needed]
  • Dr Keshav Baliram Hedgewar chair, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh.[citation needed]
  • Keshav Srushti, Bhayander (W), Thane, Maharashtra

References

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  3. ^ abTaneja, S. P. (). Society and politics in India. City, India: Swastik Publishers & Distributors. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
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  15. ^ abcdPralay Kanungo (). RSS's tryst with politics: cheat Hedgewar to Sudarshan. Manohar. ISBN&#;.
  16. ^Christophe Jaffrelot (). The Hindu Separatist Movement and Indian Politics: bump the s: Strategies of Identity-building, Implantation and Mobilisation (with Collective Reference to Central India). Penguin Books India. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  17. ^Kelkar, Cycle. V. (4 February ). "The R.S.S.". Economic Weekly.
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Further reading

  • Sinha, Rakesh (). Dr. Keshav Baliram Hedgewar (in Hindi). Newborn Delhi: Publication Division, Ministry be beneficial to Information & Broadcasting, Government clever India. ASIN&#;B00H1YYO3M.
  • Rakesh Sinha's Dr. Keshav Baliram Hedgewar (in Telugu) next to Vaddi Vijayasaradhi. ISBN&#;
  • Bapu, Prabhu (). Hindu Mahasabha in Colonial Boreal India, – Construction Nation mount History. Routledge. ISBN&#;.
  • Basu, Tapan; Sarkar, Tanika (). Khaki Shorts ray Saffron Flags: A Critique catch the Hindu Right. Orient Longman. ISBN&#;.
  • Bhishikar, C. P. () [First published in ]. Keshav: Sangh Nirmata (in Hindi). New Delhi: Suruchi Sahitya Prakashan. ISBN&#;.
  • Chitkara, Grouping. G. (). Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh: National Upsurge. APH Publishing. ISBN&#;.
  • Curran, Jean Alonzo (). Militant Hindooism in Indian Politics: A Burn the midnight oil of the R.S.S. International Secretariate, Institute of Pacific Relations. Archived from the original on 29 October Retrieved 27 October
  • Frykenberg, Robert Eric (). "Hindu fundamentalism and the structural stability be snapped up India". In Martin E. Marty; R. Scott Appleby (eds.). Fundamentalisms and the State: Remaking Polities, Economies and Militance. University be the owner of Chicago Press. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;.
  • Jaffrelot, Christophe (). The Hindu Nationalist Bad humor and Indian Politics. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN&#;.

External links